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Botanical Name : Gmelina elliptica Sm.
Family: Verbenaceae/Lamiaceae
Genus: Gmelina
Species: Gmelina elliptica
Order: Lamiales
Other Scientific Names :Gmelina asiatica Linn. ,Gmelina villosa Roxb. ,Gmelina elliptica Sm.
Common Names : Bañgana (Bag.),Talauan (P. Bis.),Bohol (C. Bis.),Taluñgud (Sul.), Danhañgas (Mag.) Tantuñgun (P. Bis.) ,Gimelina (Tag.) Tuluñgun (P. Bis.) ,Kaluñgun (P. Bis.) Tuñgolnol (P. Bis.) ,Puhang (Sul.) Rais madre de Dios (Span.) ,Saonad (Sub.)
Habitat : Taluñgud is common in thickets and secondary forest at low altitudes in Quezon Province in Luzon; and in Mindoro, Masbate, Panay, Guimaras, Negros, Cebu, Bohol, Mindanao, Basilan, and Bongao. It also occurs in Burma, through Malaya to the Moluccas and the Palau Islands.
Description:
This is a thorny, scrambling shrub or small tree growing up to 8 meters in height. The leaves are elliptic or ovate, 4 to 9 centimeters long, 2 to 6 centimeters wide, blunt or slightly pointed at both ends, woolly-felted or white-hoary on the lower surface, furnished with minute, green glands at the base, and having somewhat entire or coarsely toothed margins. The flowers are about 3.5 centimeters in length, with rather large bracts. The calyx has 5 to 6 flat, green glands on one side, and small, toothed lobes. The corolla has a bell-shaped, 4-lobed mouth, and a very narrow tube below. The fruit (drupe) is nearly round, less than 2 centimeters in width, and yellow when ripe, with watery flesh.
Propagation: Seed
Constituents:
Study of aerial parts yielded 22 compounds from a chloroform extract, its prevailiing compound, 1,2- benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisoctyl ester (31.22%); and 12 compounds from an ethanolic extract, its major constituent, monolinoleoylglycerol trimethylsilyl ether (38.51%).
Properties:
*Bark and roots are demulcent and alterative.
*Leaves are cathartic.
Medicinal Uses:
Parts used : Leaves, fruit.
Folkloric:-
*Poultices for headaches; mixed with lime, poulticed for swellings.
*Leaves are cathartic.
*Roasted fruit applied to foot itching caused by stagnant waters.
*Infusion from fruit used as eye lotion.
*Juice from the fruit or leaves used for otalgia.
*Boiled leaves used for inflammed gums.
*In Thailand, the bark of Uvaria spp. and Gmelina elliptica is used to treat nausea and vomitiing during pregnancy.
Studies:-
• Hypoglycemic / Anti-Diabetic: Study of the alcoholic extract of root of Gmelina asiatica showed significant dose-dependent blood glucose reduction in normal and diabetic rats. The effect was compared with the drug tolbutamide.
• Antiinflammatory: Study of the root powder in male albino rats showed the crude drug may exert anti-inflammatory activity by anti-proliferative, anti-oxidative and lysosomal membrane stabilisation.
• Antipyretic:Study showed the hexane and chloroform extract of G asiatica roots showed significant antipyretic activity with no toxic activity.
• Antimicrobial: The ethanolic extract of roots of G asiatica exhibited a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, particularly against E coli, P vulgaris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
• Antiproliferative / Anti-Breast Cancer: Study results suggest the efficacy of G. asiatic roots as antiproliferative agents on human breast cancer cells, supporting the hypothesis that plants containing lignans have beneficial effects on human breast cancer.
Disclaimer:
The information presented herein is intended for educational purposes only. Individual results may vary, and before using any supplements, it is always advisable to consult with your own health care provider.
Resources:
http://www.stuartxchange.com/Talungud.html
http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Gmelina_elliptica
http://asianplant.net/Verbenaceae/Gmelina_elliptica.htm
http://www.hear.org/pier/species/gmelina_elliptica.htm
