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Herbs & Plants

Cryptotaenia canadensis japonica

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Botanical Name : Cryptotaenia canadensis japonica
Family: Apiaceae
Genus: Cryptotaenia
Kingdom: Plantae
Order: Apiales

Synonyms: Cryptotaenia japonica Hasskarl; Cryptotaenia canadensis (L.) de Candolle var. japonica (Hasskarl) Makino; Cryptotaenia canadensis auct., non (L.) de Candolle; Deringa japonica (Hasskarl) Koso-Poljanski

Common Names:Mitsu-ba  [meaning: three leaves]Japanese wild parsley, stone parsley, honeywort, san ip, and san ye qin, English common nameis Japanese honewort

Habitat ;Native to  Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Okinawa . (Other nations) Russia, Korea, China  Grows in Woodland in hills and mountains

Description:
Cryptotaenia canadensis japonica Plants electing 40-60cm tall. Leaves 3 leaflets each 8-16cm long, 8-20cm wide, non hair. Flowers white 2mm, flowering in April to May. Fruits ca. 4-5mm long.ever green  PerenniaL.

It is hardy to zone 5. It is in leaf all year, in flower from July to August, and the seeds ripen from August to September. The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs) and are pollinated by Insects. The plant is self-fertile.

CLICK & SEE THE PICTURES

The plant prefers light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils. The plant prefers acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils. It can grow in full shade (deep woodland) semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It requires moist soil.

Cultivation:
Succeeds in most soils, preferring a moist shady position under trees where it often self-sows. The leaves tend to turn yellow when plants are grown in full sun. This species is not winter-hardy in all areas of Britain, though plants can tolerate short periods at temperatures down to -10°c. Mitsuba is commonly cultivated as a vegetable in Japan, there are some named varieties. It is usually grown as an annual. It is closely allied to C. canadensis, and is considered to be no more than a synonym of that species by some botanists. This plant is adored by slugs and snails and must be protected when small or when new growth is emerging in the spring.

Propagation:
Seed – sow April in a greenhouse. Germination is usually rapid, prick out the seedlings into individual pots when they are large enough to handle and plant them out in early summer. The ideal temperature for sowing is about 25°c, though seed does germinate at higher and lower temperatures. Seed can also be sown in early autumn. Division in spring or autumn.

Edible Uses:
Edible Parts: Leaves; Root; Stem.

Edible Uses: Condiment.

Leaves and stems – raw or cooked. Used as a flavouring with a parsley-like flavour if you let your imagination run away with you. Seedlings and young leaves can be used in salads. When cooking, the leaves should not be cooked for more than a couple of minutes or the flavour is destroyed. The leaves contain about 2.3% protein, 0.23% fat, 4.4% carbohydrate, 2.1% ash. Root – raw or cooked. Blanched stem – a celery substitute. The seed is used as a seasoning.

Medicinal Uses:

Febrifuge; Tonic; Women’s complaints.

Women’s complaints. Used in the treatment of haemorrhages, colds, fevers etc. Used as a tonic for strengthening the body.

Disclaimer : The information presented herein is intended for educational purposes only. Individual results may vary, and before using any supplements, it is always advisable to consult with your own health care provider

Resources:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptotaenia
http://flowers.la.coocan.jp/Umbelliferae/Cryptotaenia%20japonica.htm
http://digedibles.com/database/plants.php?Cryptotaenia+japonica

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Herbs & Plants

Rumex japonicus

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Botanical Name:Rumex japonicus
Kingdom: Plantae
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Polygonaceae
Genus: Rumex

Synonyms: Rumex cardiocarpus Pampanini; Rumex crispus L. subsp. japonicus (Houttuyn) Kitamura; Rumex crispus var. japonicus (Houttuyn) Makino; Rumex hadroocarpus K. H. Rechinger; Rumex japonicus Houttuyn var. yezoensis (Hara) Ohwi; Rumex nikkoensis Makino; Rumex odontocarpus Sandor ex Borbás var. japonicus (Houttuyn) Nakai; Rumex regelii F. Schmidt; Rumex yezoensis Hara

Common Names:Yellow Dock , Sorrel, curled or narrow dock
Japanese common name: gishigishi (meaning of gishigishi is unknown)

Habitat 🙁Japan) Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Okinawa. (Other nations) Russia (far east), Korea, China.  Wet field, riverside

Description:
Rumex japonicus are  Perennial plants, grow to  60-100cm tall. Leaves 10-25cm long. Flowers green, flowering in May to August.

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You may click to see different pictures of Rumex japonicus

Cultivation : Wet meadows and ditches in lowland all over Japan. Field margins, streambanks and wet valleys from sea level to 3400 metres in China.

Propagation:: Seed – sow spring in situ. Division in spring.

Edible Uses:
Leaves – cooked. They can be used as a vegetable or added to soups. The leaves can also be dried for later use. Seed – cooked. It is used with rice or ground into a powder for making dumplings.

Medicinal Uses:
For internal use it is similar to da huang: nose bleeding, functional bleeding of the uterus, purpura due to thrombocytopenia, chronic hepatitis, inflammation of the anus, constipation. Fresh squeezed juice is effective for fungus infection of skin, hemorrhoids, inflammation of the mammary glands, and eczema.

Other uses : Although no specific mention has been made for this species, dark green to brown and dark grey dyes can be obtained from the roots of many species in this genus, They do not need a mordant.

Known hazards : Plants can contain quite high levels of oxalic acid, which is what gives the leaves of many members of this genus an acid-lemon flavour. Perfectly alright in small quantities, the leaves should not be eaten in large amounts since the oxalic acid can lock-up other nutrients in the food, especially calcium, thus causing mineral deficiencies. The oxalic acid content will be reduced if the plant is cooked. People with a tendency to rheumatism, arthritis, gout, kidney stones or hyperacidity should take especial caution if including this plant in their diet since it can aggravate their condition.

Disclaimer:
The information presented herein is intended for educational purposes only. Individual results may vary, and before using any supplements, it is always advisable to consult with your own health care provider.

Resources:
http://www.herbnet.com/Herb%20Uses_DE.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumex
http://www7a.biglobe.ne.jp/~flower_world/Polygonaceae/Rumex%20japonicus.htm
http://www.naturalmedicinalherbs.net/herbs/r/rumex-japonicus.php

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Herbs & Plants

Viola japonica

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Botanical Name :Viola japonica Langsdorff ex Gingius
Family: Violaceae
Subfamily: Violoideae
Genus: Viola
Species: Viola japonica
Order: Malpighiales
Tribe: Violeae.

Synonyms : Viola concordifolia C. J. Wang var. hirtipedicellata Ching J. Wang; Viola crassicalcarata Ching J. Wang; Viola japonica Langsdorff ex Gingius forma variegata (Hatusima) F. Maekawa ex H. Hara; Viola japonica Langsdorff ex Gingius var. stenopetala Franchet ex H. Boissieu; Viola japonica Langsdorff ex Gingius var. variegata Hatusima; Viola metajaponica Nakai; Viola philippica Cavanilles subsp. malesica W. Becker

Common Name: (Japanese common name) ko-sumire [tiny viola],  Arrowhead Grass

Habitat :   Eastern Asia: JapanHokkaido [s.w.], Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku; Korea, South; Taiwan

Description:Viola japonica is a Perennial plant.It’s leaves are about 2-8 cm long. Flowers are pale blue purple petals 1-1.5cm, spurs 6-8mm, flowering in March to May.
click & see the pictures

Cultivation:Wet grassy places in lowlands and hills all over Japan.

Propogation :
Seed – best sown in the autumn in a cold frame. Sow stored seed in early spring in a cold frame. Prick out the seedlings into individual pots when they are large enough to handle and plant them out in the summer. Division in the autumn or just after flowering. Larger divisions can be planted out direct into their permanent positions, though we have found that it is best to pot up smaller divisions and grow them on in light shade in a greenhouse or cold frame until they are growing away well. Plant them out in the summer or the following spring.

Edible Uses: Young leaves and flower buds – raw or cooked. A sweetish flavour. When added to soup they thicken it in much the same way as okra. A tea can be made from the leaves.

Medicinal Uses:
Helps reduce inflammation and detoxifies, cools the blood and alleviates pain.  The conditions that can be treated with this plant are boils, ulcers, abscesses, acute conjunctivitis, laryngitis, acute jaundice and hepatitis and various kinds of poisonings such as by Tripterygium wilfordii. This special preparation of the whole plant can be administer to treat lung and chest troubles as an expectorant and specifically for the treatment of chronic catarrhal accumulations.

The leaves are crushed and applied to cuts, swellings, ulcers and wounds.

Disclaimer:
The information presented herein is intended for educational purposes only. Individual results may vary, and before using any supplements, it is always advisable to consult with your own health care provider.

Resources:
http://www.naturalmedicinalherbs.net/herbs/v/viola-verecunda.php
http://www7a.biglobe.ne.jp/~flower_world/Violaceae/Viola%20japonica.htm
http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Viola_japonica
http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?429806#common

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Herbs & Plants

Japanese Chaff Flower(Achyranthes japonica)

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Botanical Name :Achyranthes japonica
Family : Amaranthaceae
Synonyms: Achyranthes bidentata japonica – Miq.
Common names:Japanese chaff-flower
Genus : Achyranthes

Habitat : E. Asia – China, Japan(Honshu, Kyushu, Ryukyu Islands, Shikoku), Korea.  Woody areas in lowlands and hills

Description:
Perennial growing to 1m.It is Forb/herb.
It is hardy to zone 0. It is in flower from July to September, and the seeds ripen from September to October. The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs)

CLICK & SEE THE PICTURES.

The plant prefers light (sandy) and medium (loamy) soils. The plant prefers acid and neutral soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It requires moist soil.

Cultivation :-
We have very little information on this species and do not know if it will be hardy in Britain. However, judging by the plants native range, it is likely to succeed outdoors at least in the milder areas of the country. The following notes are based on the general needs of the genus. Prefers a rich, sandy, slightly acid soil in partial shade.

Propagation:-
Seed – sow late spring in a greenhouse. Germination should be fairly rapid, prick out the seedlings into individual pots of fairly rich soil when they are large enough to handle. It is probably wise to grow this plant on in the greenhouse for its first winter, planting it out into its permanent position in late spring after the last expected frosts.

Medicinal Action &  Uses:-
Abortifacient; Analgesic; Antiinflammatory; Antispasmodic; Contraceptive; Diuretic; Hypotensive; Uterine tonic.

The root of the plant is used in Korea to treat oedema, rheumatism, delayed menses and as a contraceptive and abortifacient. The root contains triterpenoid saponins and has been shown to have analgesic, antiallergic, antiinflammatory, antispasmodic, diuretic, hypotensive and uterine stimulant properties. In addition, it contains protocatechuic acid, which has antioxidant properties, and also inhibits the aggregation of platelets.

Disclaimer:The information presented herein is intended for educational purposes only. Individual results may vary, and before using any supplements, it is always advisable to consult with your own health care provider.

Other Uses
Two insect-moulting hormones are found in the seeds. This may have a practical application as an insecticide afterward.

Resources:
http://www.pfaf.org/database/plants.php?Achyranthes+japonica
http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?414337
http://www.gardenguides.com/taxonomy/japanese-chaff-flower-achyranthes-japonica/
http://www.mygarden.net.au/name_detail/acjah/18343/1
http://www.mitomori.co.jp/hanazukan2/hana2.4.437inoko.html

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