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Botanical Name :Acanthus Ilicifolius
Family: Acanthaceae
Kingdom:Plantae
Order: Lamiales
Genus: Acanthus
Species:A. ilicifolius
Syn :Jeruju putih, Acanthus doloarius Blanco, Dilivaria iIicifolia Nees
Sanskrit name: Harikasa.
Vernacular names: Ben: Hargoza, Harkachkanta; Kan : Holeculli; Mal: Payinaculli; Mar: Maranda, Maraneli; Ori : Harkamcli; Tam: Kalutai mulli; Tel: Alei.
Trade name: Harkasa.
Habitat:Mangroves of Indian peninsula; Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Pakistan and the adjoining areas.From India to Polynesia and Australia. Locally, in various northern sites.
Description:Erect herbs, spiny, often yellowish stems; leaves like those of holly, leaf blade dark green, slightly to deeply lobed with a spine at each lobe’s tip especially in exposed conditions, flat.
Erect herb; stems up to 1.5 m, in clumps, little divided, glabrous; leaves shortly petioled, oblong or elliptic, base usually spinous, toothed or, pinnatifid,rigid, glabrous; spikes 10-40 cm, terminal, commonly solitary; flowers mostly opposite, bract and bracteoles present, sepals 4, outer 2 elliptic rounded, inner 2 broadly lanceolate, subacute, petals 5, blue, united, 2-lipped, corolla tube short, pubescent within, stamens 4, didynamous, shorter than coroll_ lip, filaments stout, anthers 1-lobed, bearded, carpels 2, united, ovary 2-chambered having 2 ovules in chamber, style short, bifid; capsules shining chestnut-brown, ellipsoid, compressed, 0.6-0.8 cm long; testa white, very lax.Flowers in neatly organised spikes at branch tips; petals large, showy and light violet; capsules squarish and slightly flattened, exploding when ripe to send its whitish, flat seeds flying up to 2 m from the parent plant. Shaded to fully-exposed in the undergrowth and on mud lobster mounds.
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Flowering and Fruiting: almost throughout the year.
Ecology and cultivation: Commonly grown on the river banks, tidal canal sides, low swampy areas in the mangrove forests and its vicinity; wild.
Chemical contents: Plant: acanthicifoline, oleanolic acid, β-sitosterol, lupeol, quercetin and its glucopyranoside, trigonellin; Root: saponin, glycoside of 3α-OH-lup-20(29)-ene.
Medicinal Uses:
From Malay folklore, leaves are used as treatment for rheumatism, neuralgia and wounds of poison arrows. Rare.
Traditional use: TRIBES OF SUNDARBANS: Root (boiled in mustard oil): in paralysis of limbs; FOLKS OF GOA: Leaf: as fomentation in rheumatism and neuralgia.
Modern use: Plant: in asthma; Decoction of plant: in dyspepsia; Leaf and tender shoot: in snake bite; Root: in asthma, paralysis, leucorrhoea and debility; Leaf: as fomentation in rheumatism, neuralgia and in snake bite.
Click to Read the recent publication on The Telegraph(Kolkata, India)
Disclaimer:
The information presented herein is intended for educational purposes only. Individual results may vary, and before using any supplements, it is always advisable to consult with your own health care provider
Resources:
http://mangrove.nus.edu.sg/guidebooks/text/1046.htm
http://www.bsienvis.org/medi.htm#Acanthus%20ilicifolius
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