Botanical Name: Artocarpus integer
Family: Moraceae
Kingdom: Plantae
Order: Rosales
Genus: Artocarpus
Species: A. integer
Synonyms
Artocarpus champeden (Thunb.) Merr.
Artocarpus polyphema Pers.
Common Names: chempedak or cempedak, Moraceae, Artocarpus champeden, jack tree
Ethnic names : Bankong (Malay), Champada (Thai), Mit to nu (Vietnam)
Habitat: Cempedak is native to southeast Asia. Cempedak is an important crop in Malaysia and is also popularly cultivated in southern Thailand and parts of Indonesia, and has the potential to be utilized in other areas. Cempedak is currently limited in range to south-east Asia, with some trees in Australia and Hawaii.
Description:
Cempedak trees are large, evergreen trees. They can grow to a height of 20 m, although most only reach a dozen meters. The trees are monoecious, with male and female flowers growing on the same tree. There are many varieties, although few are named. The vigorously growing tree can bear heavy crops of fruit once or twice a year.Trees begin to bear fruit at 3-6 years for trees planted by seed and at 2-4 years for clonal trees. Blossoms are common from February to April and then again in August to October in southern Malaysia, as opposed to in western Java, where Cempedak tend to flower in July and August. From flowering to ripening fruit takes about 2-4 months.
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Fruit;
The syncarp may be cylindrical to spherical in shape, and ranges from 10 to 15 cm across and 20 to 35 cm in length. The thin and leathery skin is greenish, yellowish to brownish in color, and patterned with pentagons that are either raised protuberances or flat eye facets.
The fleshy, edible arils surround the large seeds in a thick layer. These arils are edible by boiling or roasting. Arils are yellowish-white to orange in color, sweet and fragrant, soft, slippery and slimy on the tongue and a bit fibrous. Ripe cempedak fruit has a pungent smell that has been described as harsh and penetrating like that of durian. The taste of the fruit is similar to the related jackfruit and breadfruit with a hint of durian. The seeds, which are also edible, are flattened spheres or elongated, about 2–3 cm in length.
Cempedak is similar to jackfruit in many ways, however, cempedak are smaller than jackfruit and the peduncle is thinner. The male inflorescence of cempedak is pale green to yellow compared to the dark green of jackfruit. The cempedak flesh is darker yellow and more juicy when ripe.
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Cultivation:
Cempedak trees are normally planted in non-eroded and well-drained soils, although they can tolerate temporary flooding. Cempedak can be grown from sealevel to 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) altitude at temperatures between 13–47 °C (55–117 °F) and with annual rainfall of 1,250–2,500 millimetres (49–98 in).
Propagation:
In Malaysia, cempedak is usually cultivated with other fruit trees in mixed orchard systems of small farmers, and occasionally in large fruit plantations. The trees are normally propagated by bud-grafting to maintain desired genetic traits. Plants are also propagated by seed, but the seeds spoil quickly after removal from the fruit, so they must be planted immediately after cleanin.
Edible Uses:
Cempedak is sought after for its edible, pulpy flesh that is typically yellow/orange and rich in beta-carotene. Cempedak has a sweetly unique flavor akin to that of durian and mango.
The fruit is normally consumed in the areas where it is cultivated and can be eaten fresh or cooked. The large fruit are often cut open and sliced into pieces for sale. The seeds can be fried, boiled or grilled, then peeled and eaten with salt. The taste of the seeds is similar to water chestnuts. The young fruit, like young jackfruit, can be used as a vegetable. As a vegetable, the young fruit is peeled, sliced and boiled, then sometimes seasoned or added as an ingredient to other foods, such as curries. In Borneo, the skin of the cempedak can be processed into food called mandai made by peeling the fruit until it looks white, then soaking it in brine to preserve and soften the texture. Mandai is usually consumed after frying.
Medicinal Uses:
*Cempedak haves a rich vitamin A content which mainly helps to keeps the cornea of eye healthier.
*This also contains dietary fiber which is high enough to maintain digestive tract health.
*Vitamin C also decreases the cholesterol content in the blood.
*The bark of this fruit in fact contains components that used to prevents tumors and malaria.
*It also contains heteriflavon C used to eliminate the cause of malaria parasites to cent percent.
Other Uses: The wood is of good quality, strong and durable, and used as building material for home furnishings or boats. The fibrous bark can be used to make ropes. Yellow dye can also be produced from the wood.
Disclaimer : The information presented herein is intended for educational purposes only. Individual results may vary, and before using any supplement, it is always advisable to consult with your own health care provider.
Resources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artocarpus_integer
https://www.fruitsinfo.com/Cempedak-tropical-fruits.php
