Botanical Name : Delphinium denudatum
Family: Ranunculaceae (buttercups)
Kingdom: Plantae
Order: Ranunculales
Genus: Delphinium
Species: D. denudatum
Synonyms:
*Delphinium denudatum var. latifolium Qureshi & Chaudhri.
*Delphinium denudatum var. linearifolium Qureshi & Chaudhri.
*Delphinium pauciflorum Royle.
Common Names: Jadwar, Nirvishi, Nirvisha
*English name: Jadwar
*Hindi Name:Jadwar, Nirbishi
*Sanskrit name: Avisha, Nirvisha, Vivisha
*Arabic name : Jadwar, Jadvara
*Kannada: Nirvishi
*Malayalam:Nirvasi
*Tamil: Nirbasi
*Sanskrit: Apavisha, Avisha, Nirvisha, Nirvishi
Habitat: Delphinium denudatum is native throughout the Northern Hemisphere and also on the high mountains of Tropical Africa. It is found in the Western Himalayas at altitudes above 2000m. Dry scrubby slopes and forest clearings, 1700 – 2300 metres.
Description:
Delphinium denudatum is a perennial but delicate herb, growing to 1 m (3ft 3in).
It is in flower from July to August. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs).
*Leaves are Simple, Alternate–Basal leaves with up to 15 cm long petioles, blade suborbicular, 3-5 partite, lobes obovate, deeply laciniate into suboblong lobes; upper leaves successively smaller.
*Flowers are Bisexual and the color is Panicleb lue or violet, stamen is 10, Spur is up to 15 mm long; upper petals white with purple tip, lower blue or violet.
*Fruits are follicles-15 mm long, no. of follicles are 3, up t0 15 mm long with 2-3 mm long beak with 6 seeds.
Cultivation: Succeeds in most soils so long as they are rich and well-drained. Intolerant of winter-wet soils. Requires an open sunny position. This plant is adored by slugs. A greedy plant, inhibiting the growth of nearby plants, especially legumes.
Propagation:
Through seed – sow March/April in a cold frame or May outdoors. Keep moist and in a shady position until germination takes place. The seed has a limited viability so it should be stored in a sealed container at about 3°c[200]. Temperatures above 15°c inhibit germination. The seed usually germinates in 2 – 9 weeks at 15°c[175]. When they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and plant them out into their permanent positions in the summer. Cuttings of basal shoots in April/May, taken before they become hollow at the base, and planted in a cold frame. Division in spring[111] or early autumn.
Edible Uses: Not Known.
Medicinal Uses:
It is one of the important drugs used as indigenous medicine in India, especially in Unani medicine. Its vernacular name is Jadwar.
The roots of the plant are reported to be useful in a variety of ailments such as aconite poisoning, brain diseases, fungal infection, piles and toothache as analgesic and astringent. A number of studies have been done on its phytochemical and pharmacological properties.
Its use in opium addiction is mentioned in some classical literature, which has been verified and validated in morphine-induced physical dependent de-addiction studies. Some species are reported to have been poisonous. Human Poisoning due to Delphinium Species in the Himalayan Region of Nepal: A Case Report Santosh Adhikari et al. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2020.
It is used in ayurveda for its neuroprotective and cardioprotective action in the poisoning of any substance. Due to its neuroprotective action, it benefits in vata disorders including hemiplegia, facial paralysis, and convulsions. It also has digestive action. So, it improves appetite and removes Ama Dosha. Due to this action, it is beneficial in all types of abdominal disorders with the dominance of Kapha dosha and Ama dosha.
Cough, Cold, Useful in poisoning, Wound healing, fever, Swelling, Skin disorders.
Other Uses: A parasiticide is obtained from the leaves. It is quite toxic and so is for external use only.
Known Hazards: All parts of the plant are toxic. The plant is most toxic when it is young.
Disclaimer : The information presented herein is intended for educational purposes only. Individual results may vary, and before using any supplement, it is always advisable to consult with your own health care provider.
Resources:
https://ayurwiki.org/Ayurwiki/Delphinium_denudatum_-Nirvisha https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Delphinium+denudatum https://www.ayurtimes.com/jadwar-delphinium-denudatum/ https://ayurwiki.org/Ayurwiki/Delphinium_denudatum-_Nirvisha
