Tag: Acacia

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Acacia greggii

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Botanical Name : Acacia greggii
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Genus: Acacia
Species: A. greggii
Kingdom: Plantae

Common Names: Catclaw Acacia, Catclaw Mesquite, Gregg’s Catclaw, Devil’s Claw, Paradise Flower, Wait-a-minute Tree, and Wait-a-bit Tree,  cat’s claw acacia, tear blanket, devils claw, paradise flower, long-flowered catclaw, Texas mimosa, uña de gato.

Habitat: Acacia greggii is native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, from the extreme south of Utah (where, at 37°10′ N it is the northernmost naturally occurring Acacia species anywhere in the world) south through southern Nevada, southeast California, Arizona, New Mexico and western Texas to Baja California, Sinaloa and Nuevo León in Mexico.

Description:
Acacia greggii is a large shrub or small tree growing to 10 m (33 ft) tall with a trunk up to 20–30 cm (7.9–12 in) diameter. The grey-green leaves are deciduous, and bipinnate, divided into 1-3 pairs of pinnae, each pinna 2–3 cm (0.79–1.2 in) long with 10-18 leaflets that are 3–6 mm (0.12–0.24 in). Pinnae are most frequently in two pairs, with the proximal pair perpendicular to the petiolule and the distal pair forming a V at the tip. The flowers are produced in dense cylindrical spikes, each flower with five yellow 3 mm (0.12 in) petals and numerous yellow 6 mm (0.24 in) stamens. The fruit is a flat, twisted legume (pod) 6–15 cm (2.4–5.9 in) long, containing several hard, dark brown seeds. The seed pod is constricted between seeds (a loment), and seed dispersal occurs both through dehiscence and breaks at these constrictions.
You may click to see the pictures of Acacia greggii–>..…(1).……..…(2)

Propagation:
Catsclaw acacia reproduces sexually by producing an abundance of seeds. Vegetative regeneration (sprouting) occurs following damage to the above-ground portion of the plant. Catclaw acacia flowers are pollinated by insects and begin to produce seed between 4 to six years of age. It has shown varying success when transplanted. Seedlings can be nursery grown in tall containers to accommodate the deep root systems. In California, seed collected in the field exhibited good germination without any special treatment in fall or spring.

Medicinal Uses:
The pod is powdered and applied moistened as a poultice for muscle pain, bruises or sprains.  It also is used for the same purposes as Mesquite.  Gather the pods when still green and dry the leaves and branches over a paper as the leaves often fall off while hanging. The longer distal roots, chopped into small segments while moist. The gum is gathered the same way as mesquite gum and the flowers are dried. The green leaves, stems, and pods are powdered for tea (standard infusion) or for topical application; the roots are best used as a cold standard infusion, warmed for drinking and gargling.

Pods are used for conjunctivitis in the same manner as mesquite pods and the gum, although catsclaw is harder to harvest it is used in the same way as mesquite gum. The powdered pods and leaves make an excellent infused tea (2-4 ounces of the standard infusion every three hours) for diarrhea and dysentery, as well as a strongly astringent hemostatic and antimicrobial wash. The straight powder will stop superficial bleeding and can also be dusted into moist, chafed body folds and dusted on infants for diaper rash. The flowers and leaves as a simple tea are good anti-inflammatory for the stomach and esophagus in nausea, vomiting, and hangovers. It is distinctly sedative. The root is thick and mucilaginous as a tea and is good for sore throat and mouth inflammations as well as dry raspy coughing.

Disclaimer:The information presented herein is intended for educational purposes only. Individual results may vary, and before using any supplements, it is always advisable to consult with your own health care provider

Resources:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acacia_greggii
http://www.herbnet.com/Herb%20Uses_AB.htm
http://medplant.nmsu.edu/acacia2.html

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Acacia caven

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Botanical Name : Acacia caven
Family: Fabaceae
Genus: Acacia
Species: A. caven
Kingdom: Plantae
Order: Fabales

Common Names:  Roman Cassie, Aromita, Aromo Criollo, Caven, Churque, Churqui, Espinillo, Espinillo de Baado, Espino, Espino Maulino

Habitat : Acacia caven is native to Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay. It grows four to five metres tall and bears very stiff and sharp white thorns up to 2 cm in length. It blooms in Spring, with bright yellow flowers 1 cm to 2 cm in diameter.

Description:
Acacia caven is a deciduous tree .It grows four to five metres tall and bears very stiff and sharp white thorns up to 2 cm in length. It blooms in Spring, with bright yellow flowers 1 cm to 2 cm in diameter. It fruits in late spring-early summer.

You may click to see the pictures of Acacia caven

Meditional Uses:
Its bark is rich in tannin, used as a tea, recommended for bruises, wounds and ulcers.its seeds can be toasted and used a coffee replacement, having digestive and stimulating effect. Accoridng to Juan Zin, the cooked bark applied superficially can heal soars and wounds.

Other Uses:
*The flowers of A. caven are used as food for bees in the production of honey.

*Acacia caven  tree is used for erosion control.

*The tree has ornamental uses.

*Tannin from the seed pods is used for tanning hides. The wood is used as fuel and to make posts for fences. The chief current human use for A. caven is in the production of charcoal.

*The flowers are used in perfume

*The wood is used for making charcoal or simply as firewood, and since the wood is very resistant to rotting, the locals prefer it as posts for fences.

*It had in the past use for manufacturing leather (as tanning agent), and also because of its scent it may have uses in perfume industry.

Disclaimer:
The information presented herein is intended for educational purposes only. Individual results may vary, and before using any supplements, it is always advisable to consult with your own health care provider.

Resources:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acacia_caven
http://www.fao.org/ag/AGP/AGPC/doc/Gbase/DATA/pf000508.htm
http://www.chileflora.com/Florachilena/FloraEnglish/HighResPages/EH0001.htm
http://www.herbnet.com/Herb%20Uses_RST.htm?Voucher2=Connect+to+Internet

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Tree Bean

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Botanical Name :Parkia javanica Merr.
Family : Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Other Scientific Names :Gleditsia javanica Lam.,Acacia javanica DC.,Mimosa biglobosa Roxb.,Parkia roxburghii G. Don,
Local Common Names :Amarang  (Tagb.); bagoen (Ilk.); balaiuak (Ilk.); kupang (Tag., Sbl., Tagb., Ilk.).Tree bean (Engl.),Inga timoriana DC.,Mimosa peregrina Blanco ,Acacia niopa Llanos,Parkia timoriana Merr.

Habitat :Tree Bean is native to northeastern India to Java. It is common in forest at low and medium altitudes in La Union to Laguna Provinces in Luzon and in Palawan.

Description :
A very large tree growing to a height of 25 to 40 meters. The leaves are evenly bipinnate, 30-80 cm long. The pinnae are 40 to 60, 8 to 20 cm long. The leaflets are 60 to 140, linear-oblong, 6-12 millimeters long, close-set, shining above, and pointed at the tip. The heads are dense, obovoid or pyriform, axillary, long-peduncled, up to 6 cm long. Flowers are white, about 1 cm long. The pods are 25 to 30 cm long, about 3.5 cm wide, rather thick, pendulous, black and shining when mature, containing 15-20 seeds.
CLICK & SEE THE PICTURES...

Propagation : It is grown from seeds.The wood is attracted by termites , so it has no commercial value.

Edible Uses: The seed pods are edible.Their pulp is golden yellow, with a sweetish taste and an odor like that of violets.Roasted seed are used in certain parts of Africa to make an infusion like coffee, for which reason they have been called “soudan Coffee”.

Chemical constituents and properties:-
Pulp contains 60% sugar weight (dextrose and levulose); 0.98 % free tartaric and citric acids, fats, and albuminoids.
Study extracted a lectin from the beans . The purified lectin showed two forms of protein that appeared to be singkle polypeptide chains.

Medicinal Uses:
Folkloric
*Seeds used for abdominal colic.
*In India, pods are used for bleeding piles. Bark extract used for diarrhea and dysentery.
*Lotion made from bark and leaves applied to sores and skin affections.

.

Studies
• Phytochemicals: Study yilelded two new iridoid glucosides, javanicosides A and B along with known compounds, urosolic acid, B-sitosterol from the leaf and bark of Pj.
• Hemagglutinating Activity: Study yielded a lectin from the beans of Pj. The purified lectin could agglunate the RBCs of rabbit and rat but not human, sheep or goose.

Other Uses:
Fruit skin known to give a brown color but not used extensively for dyeing fabrics.

Disclaimer:
The information presented herein is intended for educational purposes only. Individual results may vary, and before using any supplements, it is always advisable to consult with your own health care provider

Resources:
http://www.stuartxchange.com/Kupang.html

Click to access kupang.pdf

http://translate.google.com/translate?js=n&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&layout=2&eotf=1&sl=es&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arbolesornamentales.es%2FParkiajavanica.htm

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Caesalpinia coriaria

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Botanical Name:: Caesalpinia coriaria Willd
Family : Fabaceae – Pea family /Leguminosai, Caesalpinioideae.
Genus  : Caesalpinia L. – nicker
Species : Caesalpinia coriaria (Jacq.) Willd. – divi divi
Order : Fabales
Kingdom :   Plantae – Plants
Subkingdom :  Tracheobionta – Vascular plants
Superdivision:   Spermatophyta – Seed plants
Division :   Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants
Class :  Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons
Subclass: Rosidae
Synonyms: Caesalpinia coriaria (Jacq.) Willd.
Common Names: Tauribeej, Divi-divi, Liby-liby, American Sumach,Tamil – Kotivelamaram

Habitat :Caesalpinia coriaria is a leguminous tree or large shrub native to the Caribbean, Mexico, Central America, and northern South America.The tree is also the native tree to Aruba.

Description :
They rarely reach their maximum height of 9 m (30 ft) because their growth is contorted by the weather of the exposed coastal sites where they often grow. In other environments it grows into a low dome shape with a clear sub canopy space. Leaves are bipinnate, with 5-10 pairs of pinnae, each pinna with 15-25 pairs of leaflets; the individual leaflets are 7 mm long and 2 mm broad. The fruit is a twisted pod 5 cm (2.0 in) long. Aruba is where the Divi-divi tree is most common.
..…CLICK & SEE THE PICTURES
The Divi-divi is one of the more well known species of Cæsalpinia; it is the national tree of Curaçao. It is also very common and popular on Aruba, where it is alternatively known as watapana. On these islands this tree is never straight because of the trade winds.

This is the national tree of Curacao. In sheltered locations, the tree is symmetrical with a spreading mounded top as shown in the illustration. Exposed to the prevailing winds, however, it leans away from the wind, and its top, growing mostly to the lee side, appears to be blown out horizontally in the wind. In this characteristic it can be confused with Crescentia cujete (calabash tree) which may do the same. The pods are a rich source of tannin. As a tree it grows to approximately 30 feet tall.

Leaves alternate, 2x even-pinnate; leaflets numerous, regularly nearly touching to overlapping; each less than 1/2″ long. The leaf is as fine as the Sweet acacia. Flowers are small, in terminal clusters, white or yellow, pea-like, inconspicuous, very fragrant and attractive to bees. Fruit are small curved, dished, or twisted flat pod with rounded ends, about 1 in. wide; often little longer than wide. The trunk and branches are gnarled, with gray bark.

Medicinal Uses:
The Divi-divi pods are used to extract tannins for the leather production.

Click to see
*Anti-bacterial activity of Caesalpinia coriaria (Jacq.) Willd.
against plant pathogenic Xanthomonas pathovars: an ecofriendly
approach:

*Antibacterial Evaluation of Some Plant Extracts Against Some Human Pathogenic Bacteria

Other Uses: Very good for bonsai ->

Resources:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divi-divi
http://www.bonsai-bci.com/species/dividivi.html
http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=CACO28
http://www.eol.org/pages/703536
http://plants.usda.gov/java/largeImage?imageID=caco28_001_ahp.tif

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Acacia sinuata

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Botanical name : Acacia sinuata (Lour.) Merr.
Family : Mimosaceae
Genus :Acacia
Kingdom :Plantae
Division :Magnolophyta
Class :Magnoliopsida
Sanskrit synonyms : Saptala, Charmasahva
Common Name : Chikaka, Shikakai, Banritha, Reetha, Kochi, Ritha, Sige, Shikai, Shikaya.
Indian Vernacular Name:
English [amazon_textlink asin=’B01LN7OEAU’ text=’: Soapnut acacia’ template=’ProductLink’ store=’finmeacur-20′ marketplace=’US’ link_id=’8884b719-1dbe-11e7-b0cc-498336e9f66e’]
Hindi : Satala, Kochi, Seekakai
Malayalam : Charmalanta, Cheevikka, Seekakkai, Cheenikka
Marathi : sikakai, shikakaayi, sikekaayi
Oriya : chilli
Sanskrit : carmasahva, saptala, satala
Tamil: sigaikai, cikaikkai, cikkai, ciyakkai, sigakai, seekai, shivakai, siyakkai
Telugu: shikayi, sikai, chika-kai, seege

Habitat : Throughout India, grows wildly in forests Specially in Peninsular  region.

Description:
A perennial, woody, large climbing shrub grows on big trees. Leaves bipinnate, with sharp prickles on main rachis. Pinnate 8 -10 pairs, leaflets small, sessile; flowers small heads, fruits thin pods with 6-10 seeds per pod.

You may click to see the pictures of Acacia sinuata

A stout prickly climbing shrub with brown branches dotted with white; leaves bipinnate, main rachis bearing sharp hooked prickles and a large gland on the petiole, pinnae 8 pairs or more, leaflets subsessile, sensitive, unequal sided, glabrous; flowers small in globose heads, polygamous; fruits short-stalked thin pods, flat, coriaceous, the sutures straight: seeds 6 -10 per pod.……CLICK & SEE

Main Constituents:-
Saponins, the major constituent in the fruit, is the mixture of Acacinin A, Acacinin B1, Acacinin C, Acacinin D and Acacinin E2.

Chemical constituents :
Leaves contain alkaloids, nicotine and colycotomine, a triterpentine. Saponin ascorbic acid, rutin, tannin and also oxalic, tartaric, citric and succinic acids, tartaric racimase. Constituents similar to Tamarindus indicus and some other indigenous plant used for. Seeds yield acacinin-A & B, and tree sugar, concinnin.Pods yield saponins (20.8%) saponins (acacinin-C, -D & – E), oligo – and polysac- charides. Aquas Extracts of pods, machaerinic acid & its lactone, sapogenin B, and a new ester of acacic acid. Str. Of acacigenin-B. Neutral fraction of acid hydrolysate of saponins cf pods, acacic acid lactone-3-OAc and a new nortriterpenene, acacidiol. Bark contains hexacosanol, lupeol, a-spinasterol, a-spinasterone, acacic acid lactone, and an amorphous saponin, the saponin spermic. With maximum activity at 0.004% dilution. An acacic acid saponin from bark, spermic. Bark saponin also haemolytic

Medicinal Uses:-
Useful part    :  Pods and bark.
Plant pacifies vitiated pitta,used for the treatment of  skin disease, burning sensation, constipation, calculi, hemorrhoids, vitilligo and eczema.

It is pitta and kapha suppressant. It is widely used fevers especially that of malaria fever. It helps in clotting of blood and liver related disorders and is effective in jaundice. It is a good anti-inflammatory herb. It also helps in relieving from itching and other skin ailments. It relieves from swelling in spleen and liver. It helps in relieving from dandruff. It is anti-wormal in actions. It is a good germicidal and helps in curbing any infection happening in the body.

According to ayurveda it contains :-

•Gunna (properties) – ruksh (dry) and laghu (light)
•Rasa (taste) – tickt (bitter) and kashaya (astringent)
•Virya (potency) – sheet (cold)

Other different Uses:
Acacia sinuata, are grown in agrosilvopastoral systems for fuel, timber, shelterbelts, and soil improvement (Jamal and Huntsinger 1993). The dry pods of the tree called “shikakai” are important raw materials  for cosmetics and agro-based industries. Saponins present in the dry pods are used for the semi-synthesis of steroidal  drugs (Vaidyaratnam 1994).

The pods known as Shikai or Shikakai, are extensively used as a detergent, and the dry ones are powdered, perfumed and sold in the market as soap nut powder.

Disclaimer:
The information presented herein is intended for educational purposes only. Individual results may vary, and before using any supplements, it is always advisable to consult with your own health care provider.

Resources:
http://ayurvedicmedicinalplants.com/plants/91.html
http://www.springerlink.com/content/2853686258k3687l/
http://www.ayushveda.com/herbs/acacia-sinuata.htm
http://www.la-medicca.com/raw-herbs-acacia-sinuata.html
http://envis.frlht.org.in/raw-drug.php?show=5

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