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Herbs & Plants

Lysimachia foenum-graecum

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Botanical Name: Lysimachia foenum-graecum
Family: Primulaceae
Subfamily: Myrsinoideae
Genus: Lysimachia
Kingdom: Plantae
Order: Ericales

Common Name: Ling Xiang Cao

Habitat ; Lysimachia foenum-graecum is native to E. Asia – China . It grows on wet mixed forests, streams in mountain valleys, humus-rich soils; 800–1700 m. N Guangdong, Guangxi, SW Hunan, SE Yunnan.
Description:
Lysimachia foenum-graecum is a perennial herb , 20–60 cm tall, curry-scented when dry. Stems ascending to erect from creeping base, herbaceous, angular or narrowly winged. Leaves alternate; upper leaves often 1–2 X as large as lower leaves; petiole 5–12 mm; leaf blade broadly ovate to elliptic, 4–11 X 2–6 cm, sparsely minutely brown glandular, base attenuate to broadly cuneate, margin obscurely undulate, apex acute to subobtuse and apiculate; veins 3 or 4 pairs; veinlets inconspicuous. Pedicel 2.5–4 cm. Flowers solitary, axillary. Calyx lobes ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, 7–12 X 2.5–5 mm, ± minutely brown glandular, apex acuminate to subulate. Corolla yellow, 1.2–1.7 cm, 2–3.5 cm in diam., deeply parted; lobes oblong, 11–16 X 6–9 mm, apex obtuse. Filaments connate basally into a ca. 0.5 mm high ring, free parts very short; anthers 4–5 mm, basifixed, opening by apical pores. Capsule subglobose, 6–7 mm in diam. Fl. May.

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The plant is self-fertile.
Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and can grow in heavy clay soil. Suitable pH: acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist soil.
Cultivation:
We have very little information on this species and do not know if it will be hardy in Britain. The dried plant has a curry-like aroma[266]. The following notes are based on the general needs of the genus. An easily grown plant, succeeding in a moist loamy soil. Grows well in heavy clay soils. Most species in this genus seem to be immune to the predations of rabbits.

Propagation:
Seed – sow autumn in a cold frame. When they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and plant them out in the summer. Division in spring or autumn. Larger clumps can be replanted direct into their permanent positions, though it is best to pot up smaller clumps and grow them on in a cold frame until they are rooting well. Plant them out in the spring.

Medicinal Uses: Antihalitosis. The root is used.

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Other Uses :….Incense…..The root is used to scent the hair. Used as a perfume

Disclaimer : The information presented herein is intended for educational purposes only. Individual results may vary, and before using any supplement, it is always advisable to consult with your own health care provider.
Resources:
https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysimachia_foenum-graecum
http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200017018
http://www.pfaf.org/User/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Lysimachia+foenum-graecum

Categories
Herbs & Plants

Botolan

 

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Botanical Name : Securinega virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Baill.
Family : Euphorbiaceae/Phyllanthaceae
Genus : Securinega
Species : Securinega virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Baill

Scientific names :Securinega virosa Roxb. ex Willd. (basionym),Securinega microcarpa Muell.-Arg ,Securinega obovata Muell.-Arg. Barsit (Ig.) ,Phyllanthus virosus Roxb. ex Willd. (basionym) ,Flueggea virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Royle  ,Flueggea leucopyrus F.-Vill.

Common names : Arusit (Ilk.),Barasiksik (Ilk.), Barsik (Ilk.),Barusik (Ilk.),Tagalog (Tag.) ,Bayasit (Tag.),Boiset (Tag.), Botolan (Tag.) ,Bugbugutut (Ig.) ,Kabukabukas (Mag.),Magaspang (P. Bis.), Maluuit (Ibn.) ,Tulitañgalong (P. Bis.) ,Chinese waterberry (Engl.) ,Common bushweed (Engl.) ,Snowberry tree (Engl.) ,Whiteberry bush (Engl.) ,Hong ci cong (Chin.)

Habitat : Seasonal vegetation, rainforest, montane forest (not in Malesia), tropical savannas, deciduous forests and scrub; occasionally on limestone. Elevation: Sea level up to 3,000 m (1,000 m in Malesia). In dry thickets at low and medium altitudes.

Description:
Botolan is a small, deciduous, smooth, large, graceful shrub. Leaves are extremely variable in shape, elliptic-ovate, obovate or orbicular, 2.5 to 10 cm in length, rather glaucous beneath, and rounded, obtuse or pointed at the tip. Flowers are usually borne on axillary fascicles. Fruit is mostly small, black or white, dry, and about 3 to 5 mm in diameter.
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Edible Uses: Fruit is edible.

Constituents:
*Bark contains 10% tannic acid and an alkaloid.
*Phytochemical screening yielded reducing sugars, cardiac glycosides, resin, tannins, saponins, glycosides, flavonoids, glycerin carbohydrate, anthraguine and steroids.

Medicinal Uses:
Parts used:  Roots, leaves, wood, juice.

Folkloric:
*Charcoal of the wood is powdered and used as cicatrizant of wounds.
*Decoction of leaves used for cleaning wounds.
*Juice of leaves of paste of leaves with tobacco used to destroy worms in sores.
*Decoction of leaves used as laxative.
*Root, sometimes with the leaves, taken for venereal disease.
*In Rhodesia, roots used as aphrodisiac.
*In West Ashantis, root used for gonorrhea.
*Ewe people of Togoland used decoction of leaves internally for constipation.
*In Northern Nigeria, root decoction used for treatment of mental illness.

Other  Uses:
Bark is used for tanning and as a black dye for matting.

Resources:-
http://www.stuartxchange.com/Botolan.html
http://www.westafricanplants.senckenberg.de/root/index.php?page_id=14&id=2093
http://www.nationaalherbarium.nl/euphorbs/specF/Flueggea.htm

Categories
Herbs & Plants

Tawa Tawa aka Gatas Gatas weed

 

Boto-botonesan or phonetic variations are shared by three plants of different species: (1) Mutha (Cyperus rotundus) Boto-botones (2) Gatas-gatas (Euphorbia hirta) botobotonis, botbotonis, botonis (3) Botoncillo (Gomphrena globosa) botbotonis, botones-botonesan.

1. Mutha:-

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Botanical Name:BOTO-BOTONES/Cyperus rotundus /Hsiang-fu
Common names: Balisanga (Ilk.) ,Barsanga (Ilk.) ,Boto-botones (Bik.) ,Galonalpas (Pamp.),Kusung (Pamp.),Mala-apulid (Pamp.), Mota (Pamp.),Mutha (Tag.),Omadiung (Pamp.) ,Onoran (Pamp.),Sur-sur (Pamp.) ,Tarugug (Bik.) ,Hsiang-fu (Chin.)

Habitat: Found throughout the Philippines; a common weed in gardens, lawns and wastelands.throughout the Philippines.
Part utilized : Rhizome

Description:
* Slender, erect, glabrous, perennial grasslike plant, 10 to 40 cm high. Rhizomes or underground stems wiry, bearing black, hard, ovoid tubers about 1 cm in diameter. Above ground stem solitary, distinctly 3-angled.
* Leave as long as the stems.
* Flowers: inflorescence umbel-type, simple or compound, 2 to 6 cm long, with rather long rays or spikes. Spike with 3 to 8 spikelets. Spikelets brown, flat, slender, 10 to 25 mm long with 10 to 25 florets per spikelet. Rachilla of the spikelet distinctly winged. Glumes of the floret distichously arranged, the first 2 empty, the third one bisexual.
* Fruits: 3-angled nuts.

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* Harvest from December to January.
* Wash and sun-dry or heat-dry in a clean frying pan.
* Scrape off the fibrous roots.

Characteristics Effects:
-Fragrant, slightly bitter tasting rhizome.

Medicinal Uses:Demulcent, analgesic, stimulative, laxative, regulates menstrual flow.

Folkloric uses:
* Indigestion and constipation: 2 to 6 gms of dried material in a standard cup of water, boil to concentration and drink.
* Skin diseases: Wash the diseased portion with the hot decoction.
* Chest pains caused by deterred blood flow of blood and energy circulation: boil to decoction 4 to 9 gms of dried drug preparation together with 4 gms of Citrus (dalanghita, kahel, suha, kalamansi, etc.) and drink.
* Neurogenic gastralgia, abdominal distention, heaviness at the chest, acidic vomiting: 3 to 9 gms dried material in decoction.
*Irregular menstruation, painful menstruation: 3 to 9 gms dried material in decoction.
* Sprains and bruises, furuncle infections: Use pounded fresh material as poultice or cook the pulverized drug material in vinegar and apply as hot poultice.

Sources:http://www.stuartxchange.org/Mutha.html

2) Gatas-gatas:-

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Botanical Name:Euphorbia hirta
Common Name:Tawa-tawa,botobotonis, botbotonis, botonis,AUTRALIAN ASTHMA WEED, SNAKE WEED,Fei-yang ts’ao

Chinese names:
Euphorbia hirta L. var. typica L.C. Wheel,Fei-yang ts’ao, Ta fei-yang, ta nai-chiang ts’ao, ju-chih ts’ao (milk herb), ta-ti chin, ta ju-chih ts’ao (giant milk herb).

Parts used :Entire plant.

Habitat:Abundant in waste places and open grasslands.

Description:
Slender-stemmed, annual hairy plant with many branches from the base to the top, spreading up to 40 cms tall, reddish or purplish in color. Leaves are opposite, elliptic-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, distichoous, 1 to 2.5 cms long, blotched with purple in the middle, toothed at the edge. Numerous involucres, purplish to greenish in color, dense, axillary, short-stalked clusters or crowded cymes, about 1 mm in length. Capsules are broadly ovoid, hairy, three-angled, about 1.5 cms.

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Constituents:
Gallic acid; quercetin; triacontane; cetyl alcohol; phytosterin; phytosterolin; jambulol; melissic, palmitic, oleic, and linoleic acid.

Medicinal Uses:Anti-asthmatic, pectoral, hemostatic, sedative, soporific, diuretic, antidote.

Folkloric
*Called gatas-gatas because of the healing property of the milky juice.
*Juice used for colics.
*Juice used as ophthalmic drops for conjunctivitis or ulceration of the cornea.
*Infusion or tea of the plant, 4 glasses daily, for bronchits and labored breathing, asthma, chronic dysentery.
*Decoction of dry plant used for skin disease.
*Decoction of fresh plant used as gargle for the treatment of thrusth.
*Decoction of the root used to allay vomiting, chronic diarrheas, and fevers.
*Root decoction also beneficial for nursing mothers deficient in milk: 4-5 glasses of tea.
*The same root decoction as an enema for constipation.
Root used for snake bites.
Asthma: Make into cigarette or burn and inhale smoke.
Superficial bleeding: Crush leaves and apply on affected paret, as local hemostatic.
Plant decoction: 25 gms of the whole plant to a pint of boiling water; boil for 3-4 minutes; drink 3-5 glasses a day. Externally as needed.

Recent interests from the folk medicine grapevine:DENGUE
(A flurry of queries and web blogs, gatas-gatas has found new interest for gatas-gatas (tawa-tawa) for its use in dengue, with increasing anecdotal reports of “cures.” )

A recommended decoction:
*Cut the roots off 5 to 6 gatas-gatas plants.
*Rinse.
*Put the tawa tawa into a pot of boiling water for 1 minute.
*Let cool.
*Drink the decoction, 1 to 1 1/2 glasses every hour for 24 hours.

Sources:http://www.stuartxchange.org/GatasGatas.html

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3)Botoncillo

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Botanical Name:
Gomphrena globosa L.
Common Name:Hyptis capitata, bababañga, liñga-liñgahan.
Bokingon (Tag.) Bukingan (Tag.)
Botbotones (Ilk.) Bulah (Bag.)
Botoncillo (Sp.) Butingan (S.L.Bis.)
Botones-botonesan (Tag.)

Habitat: In settled areas throughout the Philippines.

Parts utilized: Flowers.

Description:
* An erect, branched, pubescent annual, the branches more or less thickened and often purplish at the nodes.

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* Leaves: opposite, petioled, oblong acute or obtuse, 7 to 11 cm long.

* Flowers: numerous, densely crowded in globose heads, the heads are white, pink or purple, solitary, peduncled, 1.5 to 2 cm long in diameter, subtended by 2 bracts. Bracteoles 8 to 10 mm long, enclosing the flowers, lateral, keeled. Sepals, pubescent, 5, lanceolate, cleft at the tip, usually without staminodes. Ovary 1-celled, 1-ovuled; style short or long, stigmas 2.

* Fruits: utricles, compressed, indehiscent.

Propagation:Propagate by seeds or cuttings

Hervesting: Collect the head inflorescence during May to October, during the flowering season. and Sun-dry

Properties: Sweet tasting. Antitussive, antiasthmatic.

Medicinal uses:
Bronchial asthma, acute and chronic bronchitis, whooping cough: Decoction of 9-15 g of dried material or 10 head inflorescence.
Sources:http://www.stuartxchange.org/Botoncillo.html

Disclaimer:The information presented herein is intended for educational purposes only. Individual results may vary, and before using any supplements, it is always advisable to consult with your own health care provider.

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